Data Availability StatementSupporting data to the article is publicly available in the Mendeley data repository: Data, V2, 10. most commonly used flower varieties were of citation were (16), (Lam.), Vehicle Geel (13), Loes. (11), Vatke and (Schrad) Schinz (10) and Baker and (Fresen.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B. Drumm (10)which was described by HKI-272 kinase inhibitor all the TMP in the Ik community was utilized for first aid. Most of the flower varieties were harvested from your crazy (68.75%) and were herbs (65.0%) followed by trees (23.3%). The most commonly used flower parts were origins (42.6%) and leaves (25.0%). Thirteen different methods of preparation and administration were used. Most of the medicines were administered orally (61.2%) and HKI-272 kinase inhibitor topically (37.6%). The commonest methods of oral application were cold water infusions (32.5%) and decoctions (21.7%). Conclusions TMP widely use several medicinal plant species for treating snakebite envenomation in the selected post-conflict regions of Uganda (3). This was followed by spp., and with two species each (Table ?(Table22). Table 2 Medicinal plant species used in the management of snakebites in Acholi, Teso and Karamoja sub-regions of Uganda Cyathula uncinulata(Schrad) Schinz (ODF 001)Kulabakak (Ik)RHApply powder to bite area after making small cuts with a HKI-272 kinase inhibitor razor blade.W10No reportsAmaryllidiaceae2. L. (ODF 019)Tungulu (Luo)BlbHDecoction and drinkD1Externally applied for the treatment of snakebite in Salem district of India [21] and Colombia [22]. Bulbs are chewed for snakebite in eastern and central Uganda [10, 11].3.Ammocharis tinneana(Kotschy & Peyr.) Milne-Redh. & Schweick (ODF 025)Joda (Luo)LHDecoction and drinkD1No reports4. Baker (ODF 20)(Ateso)BHPowdered and mixed with powder of and applied topically. Powder also dissolved in and drink.10No reportsAnnonaceae5. (ODF 023)Obolo (Luo)L, R StShDecoction. Stems and leaves HKI-272 kinase inhibitor used for repelling snakesW4No reports6. Pers. (ODF 002)Obolo (Luo)R/LTPound and mix with water. Drink once/chew root and apply on the bitten area the next day. Stems barks used to repel snakes W/D9Methanolic leaf extracts inhibited (Viper) venom activities [23]. Methanol root extract reduced hyperthermia and directly detoxified snake venom by 16C33% in rats against cobra (Hochst. (ODF 003)Segere (Ik)LSChew and swallow juice as first aid. Pound leaves, mix with water & wash out the venom from eyes to avert blindness. W16Used in western Kenya for snakebite [14]Asparagaceae8. Jacq. (ODF 004)Amujej (Ateso)Blb/LHCrush leaves/bulbs, mix with water and drink as a purgative/apply on the bitten area/planted as a snake repellentW3No reports9. spp 1 (ODF 022)Emutungulu akwangan (Ateso)TbHPound and apply on the snake bitten areaD2No reports10. spp 2 (ODF 024)Eryau (Ateso)TbHChew fresh rootsD2No reports11. Prain (ODF 036)Tworo (Luo)LHPound and drink juice. Apply topicallyW3Snake bites and HKI-272 kinase inhibitor poison antidote in southern Uganda [25]Asteraceae12. A. Rich. (ODF 011)Ofilifil (Ik), okeya (Luo)LHBurn to make Rabbit Polyclonal to HSL (phospho-Ser855/554) and apply on bitten site once only/rub directly on bitten part/mix 1 tsp with water.W9No reports13. Oliv. (ODF 013)Lukwang (Luo)RHPound, mix with water and drink once only/chew and apply on site the next dayW3Used in northern Uganda [26]. A novel crystalline caffeic acid from roots has anti-venom agents for hemolytic snake venoms [27].14.Echinops issphaerocephaluErigeron floribundus(Kunth) Sch.Bip. (ODF 021)Ejut dolei (Ateso)LHSqueeze juice and drink 3 times a day for at least 3?daysW3No reports16. Forssk. (ODF 027)Ekile (Ateso)RHMix the powder with cold water & drink 3 times a day for at least 3?daysW3No reports17.Microglossa pyrifolia(Lam.) Kuntze (ODF 006)Ekiya Loemun (Ik), Etutum (Ateso)RHPound and mix with water and drink for 2?days/mix powder.
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